Teams must be registered with FIRST.
Rulebook
171 rules from Competition Manual V1. Search by number, wording or penalty.
171 rules
Check-in at the event on time.
A responsible adult must be present for the whole event.
Bring the complete ROBOT and supporting equipment to inspection.
Certain limits apply to all configurations.
Request re-inspection for most changes to the ROBOT.
Do not exploit re-inspection.
Personal safety comes first.
Be Respectful.
Children with adults, please.
Respect the venue.
Event resources are for competing teams only.
Practice only when/where permitted.
Work in designated areas only.
Some things do not belong at events.
Do not arrange for additional services or utilities.
Do not sell stuff.
No Loud Music.
Hang banners with care.
Limit flag and flagpole size if used in the ARENA.
No firearms or other weapons.
Inspection required for practice FIELD access.
Do not record anyone at the event without their consent.
Enter only 1 ROBOT in the tournament.
No saving seats.
No wireless communication.
Don’t interfere with wireless networks.
Pits are unavailable if closed.
Pit set ups should be self-contained within the space assigned by the Event Organizers.
Keep aisles and exit pathways clear.
Open flames and spark emitting devices must be limited and carefully controlled.
Only small benchtop machinery is permitted in team pits.
No brazing or welding.
Solder with specific tools only.
Pit structures must be safe.
Only use aerosol or other chemicals with noxious fumes in approved areas.
Don’t heat or cool ROBOT components to gain an advantage.
Charge batteries in a safe and fair manner.
Carts must not be a nuisance.
Quiet in the pits during ceremonies.
Pit person limit during ceremonies is 5.
Be respectful during anthems.
Team PORTFOLIOS have limits.
PORTFOLIOS must be submitted on time and as requested.
Teams must participate in an Initial Interview session.
Have the right resources available for your Initial Interview.
Everyone gets equal Initial Interview time.
The Initial Interview timer starts when the team starts.
Prepared initial presentation time should not be interrupted.
One adult silent observer is welcome.
Translator and/or Sign Language Interpreter accommodations will be made for teams who
No Photos, Video or Audio recording during Initial Interview.
The number of awards given scales with event size.
Judging feedback is provided to all teams.
Teams are only eligible to win the Inspire Award in their own region.
Teams cannot win the Inspire Award at multiple Qualifying or League Tournaments.
Teams can only get one judged award.
Humans, stay off the FIELD during the MATCH.
VERBAL WARNING.
Be careful when interacting with ARENA elements.
VERBAL WARNING.
Be a good person.
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD if subsequent violations occur during the event.
Follow the Competition Integrity Contract (CIC).
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW or RED CARD if subsequent violations occur during the event.
Show up to your MATCHES.
DISQUALIFIED from the current MATCH.
Do not expect to gain by doing others harm.
MAJOR FOUL per instance. MAJOR FOUL per instance and YELLOW CARD per MATCH if
Egregious or exceptional violations.
YELLOW or RED CARD.
Don’t delay MATCHES.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL for the upcoming MATCH if a subsequent violation occurs
Limit what you bring to the FIELD.
MATCH will not start until the situation is remedied. VERBAL WARNING, if discovered or used
ROBOTS on the FIELD must come ready to play a MATCH.
The MATCH will not start until all requirements are met if there is a quick remedy. DISABLED if
ROBOTS must be set up correctly on the FIELD.
The MATCH will not start until all requirements are met, if there is a quick remedy. DISABLED or
Teams must select an OpMode.
MATCH will not start until the situation is remedied. DISABLED if ROBOT cannot initialize an
Don’t interact with a ROBOT during AUTO.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
No AUTO opponent interference.
MAJOR FOUL per MATCH. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
ROBOTS are motionless between AUTO and TELEOP.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
ROBOTS are motionless at the end of TELEOP.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
Keep SCORING ELEMENTS In bounds.
MAJOR FOUL per SCORING ELEMENT.
Do not damage or make a mess in the ARENA.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC. DISABLED if
No more than 4 at a time.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
Don’t CONTROL opponent NECTAR.
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
Don’t catch SCORING ELEMENTS.
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
NECTAR only goes into FLOWERS with one minute left.
MAJOR FOUL per NECTAR.
Do not hoard SCORING ELEMENTS.
MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH.
ROBOTS must be under control.
DISABLED and VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if subsequent violations occur
ROBOTS must stop when instructed.
VERBAL WARNING. RED CARD, if STRATEGIC.
ROBOTS must be identifiable.
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD, if STRATEGIC.
Watch your ARENA interaction.
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC. DISABLED if the Head REFEREE
ROBOTS have construction limits.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL per instance, if STRATEGIC.
ROBOTS may not meddle with the HIVE Structure.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
ROBOTS may not meddle with FLOWERS.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
Do not damage an opponent ROBOT.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per instance, if STRATEGIC. MAJOR ROBOT.
Do not tip or entangle.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per instance, if STRATEGIC. MAJOR
There is a 3-count on PINS.
MAJOR FOUL per instance and an additional MAJOR FOUL for every 3 seconds in which the
DRIVE TEAM stays in the ALLIANCE AREA.
VERBAL WARNING. MINOR FOUL per instance, if STRATEGIC.
DRIVE COACHES and other teams: hands off the controls.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
DRIVE COACHES, SCORING ELEMENTS are off limits.
VERBAL WARNING. MINOR FOUL per instance, if STRATEGIC.
DRIVE TEAMS, watch your reach.
VERBAL WARNING. MAJOR FOUL and YELLOW CARD per MATCH, if STRATEGIC.
Humans may not enter NECTAR onto the FIELD early.
MINOR FOUL per NECTAR.
Humans, only enter NECTAR via the LOADING ZONE.
MINOR FOUL per NECTAR.
Humans, don’t remove SCORING ELEMENTS from the FIELD.
MINOR FOUL per SCORING ELEMENT.
It is your team’s ROBOT.
STARTING CONFIGURATION is limited to an 18-inch Cube.
ROBOTS may assist in holding the STARTING CONFIGURATION.
There is no ROBOT weight limit.
A ROBOT must stay as one assembly, and there are limits to how much it can expand.
ROBOTS should be designed so they don’t damage anything or make a mess in the ARENA.
Design ROBOTS and OPERATOR CONSOLES for safety and fair play.
ROBOTS must be designed to be quickly removed from the FIELD without requiring power.
No grabbing the floor.
COTS MECHANISMS are legal but have limits.
Legal COTS parts and raw materials can be modified.
COTS must be single DoF.
Custom software, designs, and parts can be reused year-to-year.
SCORING ELEMENTS are not allowed for ROBOT construction.
Minimum of two ROBOT SIGNS per ROBOT.
ROBOT SIGNS indicate your ALLIANCE.
Team number on ROBOT SIGNS.
Only specific motors are allowed.
Servo usage is restricted.
ROBOTS are limited to a total of 8 motors and 8 servos.
Do not modify actuators unless explicitly allowed.
All actuators must be controlled and powered through approved devices.
The use of relays, electromagnets, and electrical solenoid actuators is prohibited.
ROBOTS can contain only 1 main battery.
Other batteries are only allowed for self-contained peripheral devices and LEDs only.
Connect the ROBOT battery though the Main Power Switch.
Fuses must be used as directed and must not be modified.
The ROBOT frame cannot be used as a current path.
ROBOT CONTROLLER and the ROBOT electrical system must be inspectable.
Custom Circuits must not provide regulated power above 5V unless they are only powering LEDs.
All Power regulating devices must be connected and powered through approved ports.
Use appropriately sized wire.
Use specified wire colors for specific buses.
Powered USB hubs must draw energy from approved sources.
Do not modify critical power paths.
Do not mix and match power on or between power regulation devices.
Control the ROBOT with a single ROBOT CONTROLLER.
Teams may not alter coprocessor software.
Smartphone Android devices used as a ROBOT CONTROLLER must connect to the REV Expansion
Use networks and bandwidth as directed.
Configure devices for your team number.
Only specified modifications to core control system devices are permitted.
USB is for vision.
Use only supported USB vision.
Recording devices are okay.
Lasers are only allowed if they’re part of a sensor, low-energy, and non-visible.
Configure Android devices appropriately.
No Pneumatic Actuators, High-Speed Blowers, or Vacuums.
Use only a specified DRIVER STATION device.
The OPERATOR CONSOLE must make the touch screen accessible.
OPERATOR CONSOLE physical requirements.
ROBOT application wireless communication only.
Replays are allowed, but rare.
Replays will replicate the conditions of the original MATCH.
Head REFEREE interactions.
The Head REFEREE will not address additional, non-compliant team members or peripheral
MATCH questions must be timely.
Keep questions factual and constructive.
The Head REFEREE has ultimate and final authority regarding gameplay during the event.
Only REFEREES can declare a ROBOT DISABLED.
The Event Director has ultimate authority regarding all non-gameplay decisions during an event.
All competition FIELDS at an event must be consistent with each other.
During optional FIELD measurement and calibration time(s) ROBOTS may not practice on the FIELD.
VERBAL WARNING. YELLOW CARD if subsequent violations occur during the event.
No team timeouts, but MATCHES have breaks.
MATCHES are played in order.
DISQUALIFICATION applies only to the DISQUALIFIED team in Qualifications.
Send one or two STUDENT representatives.
Teams who do not send a representative are ineligible for the playoff tournament
Declining teams cannot be picked.
The ALLIANCE CAPTAIN must make another selection
There are no backup teams in Playoff MATCHES.
During Playoff MATCHES, teams may have more ARENA access.
Multiple DISQUALIFICATION is handled specially.
Divisions will use the same size playoff brackets.
Dual Division awards are given at the event level.
Dual Division award counts are based on total teams.
Replays use the same ROBOTS.
About this index
This lists each rule’s number, its one-line headline and the penalty — enough to find the right rule fast during a match. It deliberately does not reproduce the full rule text: the manual is FIRST’s work, and the complete wording, diagrams and the intent notes underneath each rule are worth reading at the source. Open the manual →
Major foulMinor foul20 and 5 points to your opponent respectively.